Typewriting machine



c. WALKER TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 1, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 iar/es ll/a lfer INVENTOR ATTORNEY 0d. 30, 1945. c. WALKER TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 1, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEMgf li ATTORNEY 7 P w 7 .w m J w a 7 x 5/ 3 l m. w

Oct. 30, 1945. c. WALKER 2,387,785

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 1, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Cfiar/es fiZr/fef INVENTOR ATTORNEY Oct. 30, 1945. c, WALKER 2,387,785

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 1, 1944 4 Sheets Sheet 4 ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 30, 1945 2 1| GMACHINE Silas-lee Walker, Syracuse, N. Y assignor to L. C. Smith & Corona Typewriters, Ina, Syracuse, N. Y., a corporation of New York The invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines and, more particularly, to improvements in typewriting machines of the kind wherein the type impressions are inked through the medium of an inked ribbon.

The general purpose of the invention is to provide in such machines an improved construction and arrangement whereby the type impressing means and the inking ribbon motivating means are operated with improved efficiency both with respect to the formation of properly inked type impressions and to the distribution and timing of the efforts employed in motivating the types and ribbon.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide an improved visible typing typewriting machine having types, ribbon feeding, ribbon feed reversing, and ribbon vibrating means all motlvated in efficiently timed relation and with a minimum of shock by power other than applied by a typist in using the machine.

A further Purpose of the invention is to provide in a typewriting machine an improved power actuated ribbon mechanism responsive in an improved manner to activation of the type impression forming means of the machine.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide a visible typing typewriting machine having an improved construction whereby, in making an inked type impression, the printing point covering stroke of a ribbon vibrator is made before the impressing stroke of the type starts or before any substantial part of said type stroke has been completed, the return stroke of the vibrator does not start before any substantial part of the return stroke of the type remains uncompleted, and the ribbon feed motion is imparted to the ribbon during the return stroke only of the ribbon vibrator.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide, in a typewriting machine having a ribbon vibrator and a ribbon feed pawl, a construction wherein the printing point covering stroke of the ribbon vibrator and the idle stroke of the ribbon feed pawl are both imparted by the power of a spring and the opposite strokes of said vibrator and pawl are both imparted by the power of a motor, such an electric motor, which runs constantly when th machine is in use.

Further purposes of the invention are to provide improved power means for vibrating the inking ribbon of a visible typing typewriting machine, and to provide improved power means for feeding the inking ribbon of a typewriting machine.

Other purposes and advantages of the invention will appear and be obvious to those skilled in the art from the following description of the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the improved machine taken approximately on the line l-I of Figure 2. certain parts being omitted for clarity of illustration.

Figure 2 is a detail view showing in top plan certain features of the machine.

Figure 3 is a detail vertical sectional view on the line 38 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a detail view showing in top plan certain features of the ribbon activating means.

Figure 5 is a detail view showing in front elevation the parts disclosed in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view taken approximately on the line 66 of Figure 5.

Figure '7 is a detail sectional view taken on line 1-1 of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view hereinafter more fully explained in connection with the timing of the type and ribbon movements.

Figures 9 and 10 are views similar to Figure 1 (with certain parts omitted) illustrating the timing of the type and ribbon movements.

Figure 11 is a detail view showing a part of the ribbon motivating mechanism as viewed from the left hand side of the machine, this view showing the mechanism in the position assumed at the end of its spring driven movement.

Figures 12 and 13 are fragmentary top plan views and front elevations, respectively, of the ribbon feed means as conditioned for start of a reversal of feed direction.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown, the machine has numerous known parts which will first be described.

A suitable stationary main framework I0 supports the working parts of the machine. A roller platen H is carried, by a platen carriage (not shown), to travel back and forth transversely of the framework. Each type bar of a set of type bars, one of which is shown at l3; has a pivot mounting It in a type bar segment l5 mounted in framework l0, and the type bars are normally 2 aas'mss for reeling of the ribbon upon first one and then the other of the spools and is threaded through guide I58 for vibration of the ribbon by the ribbon guide to cover and uncover the printing point of the machine.

The ribbon vibrator or vibratory ribbon guide I58 is pivoted at I55 to a fore and aft extending lever I58 which, except when the machine is set for stencil cutting, is rockable by a link I51 to move the vibrator up from and down to a normal idle position in which the ribbon is positioned to uncover the printing point of the machine. The lever I58 is mounted on framework I8 in a known manner for conditioning of the machine for vibrating the. ribbon I52 to eifect inking of a type impression by either the upper or lower color zone of said ribbon, as desired, and for conditioning the machine for non-vibration of the ribbon I52 when the machine is used for stencil cutting. The lever I58 hasspaced apart longitudinally thereof two circular fulcrum holes I82 and I83 which extend transversely through the lever, and said lever also has formed therein in termediate said fulcrum holes an up and down extending retaining slot I84. The right and left hand side faces of lever I58 are loosely contacted by guide means I85 fixed to and pendent from framework I8 to prevent movement of sa d lever transversely of the machine while permitting up and down rocking of the lever. A retaining rod I88 extends horizontally transversely of the machine loosely through retaining slot I84 in lever I58 and is fixed to framework I8. A slide I81 is sl dably mounted on said rod I88 to slide thereon longitudinally of the rod, and also has a gu de stud I88 slidable along and in a transversely extending guide slot I88 in a part of framework I8, for movement of said slide horizontally transversely of the machine. The slide I81 has fixed thereto two fulcrum pins I88 and I8I for lever I58, which pins extend inward in opposite directions horizontally and transversely of the machine and are fixedly anchored at their outer ends to the slide w th the inner ends of the pins spaced apart fore and aft of the machine for entry of either pin I 88 in fulcrum hole I82 in lever I58 or of pin I8I in fulcrum hole I88 in lever I58. The inner ends of the pins are conical or tapered to facilitate entry thereof in their respective holes and are so spaced apart transversely of the machine that only one of said pins at a time may be engaged in its associa ed fulcrum hole to serve as a fulcrum for lever I58. or said pins may be positioned with neith r one thereof engaged in its fulcrum hole in lever I58. 55

A known manual shifting or setting means o slide I81 is prov ded and compr ses a lever I82 fulcrumed on framework I8 at I98 to swin about an axis extending fore and aft of the mach ne. The upper end of lever I82 is engaged in a notch I84 in slide I81 and said lever is rockably adjusted about its pivotal axis by means of the link I85 which is connected at one end to the lower end of lever I 82 and is connected at its other end to a setting handle element (not shown) mounted on framework I8. In Fi ure 4, the slide is shown in its medially adjusted position for stencil cutting, in Figure '7 the slide is shown b e s port to p rt the forward end of lever I58 when both fulcrum pins I88 and HI are disengaged from said lever. Lever I58 fulcrums on this support during use of the machine 5 for stencil cutting.

A common drive shaft I58 for the ribbon sp ols extends horizontally transversely of the machine substantially from side to side of the machine and is Journaled in framework I8 in which said 10 shaft is held against axial movement. Two outwardly facing bevel gears I88 are located adjacent opposite sides of the machine and are fixed to said shaft I58 with said gears in mesh respectively with two rearwardly facing bevel gears I8I so that the latter gears rotate in opposite directions whenever shaft I58 is rotated. Gears I8I are fixed respectively on the rear ends oi two Jointed and fore and aft extending spool driving shafts I82, one for each spool, located adiacent opposite sides of the machine. Each jointed shaft I82 comprises a front section and a rear section, which sections are connected by a universal driving joint I88. the rear section of each said shaft being Journaled in the framework I8.

Each shaft I82 has fixed thereto one of two forwardly facing bevel gears I 84 and one of two ratchet wheels I85, the ratchet wheels being located forward of the respective gears I84 and being of smaller diameter than said gears.

Known means are provided for tilting upward and holding up the forward section of either shaft I82 and concomitantly tilting downward and holding down the forward section of the other shaft I82 for positive driving of only one spool at a time from shaft I58. In the upward tilted position of the front section of either shaft, the

- gear. I84 thereon is in mesh with the associated one of two downwardly facing bevel gears I88, and in the downwardly tilted position of said front section, the gear I84 thereon is demeshed from its associated gear I88. The gears I88 are fixed on the lower ends of two upstanding ribbon spool carrying shafts I81, which shafts are Journaled in framework I8 and are located adja- 59 The ribbon spools are of like construction, each spool having a gap or aperture I88 (Figure 13) in its core or barrel. At its front end each jointed shaft I82 has a substantially spherical knob I88 engaged in a rearwardly facing socket element "8 fixed on the laterally outwardly extending arm of the adjacent one of two bellcrank levers I1I. Levers I1I are located adjacent opposite sides of the machine, and each lever is held to the framework I8 by a fore and aft extending pivot I12 and has a second arm pendent from its point of pivotal connection with the framework. The pendent arms of levers "I are connected by a cross link I13 which is movable substantially endwise to engage a latch hump I14a on a detent arm I14 at either the left or right side of a latch pin I15 fixed on framework I8. Detent arm I" is pivoted to one end of link I13 at I13a, and a spring I18 is anchored to framework I8 and to said detent arm to releasably yieldingly hold said arm and link I13 against movement transversely of the machine at each limit of the endwise shifting movement of the link, i. e., in each latched position of the link. In each latched position of the link a different one of the spools is geared the spools, one for each spool.

' for the empty spool.

- to shaft in. Stop pins as (Figures 12 and 13) may be provided on framework ID for engagement by bellcrank levers I'll to limit gear-engaging movement of each lever.

The direction of feed of the ribbon may obviously be reversed by manually shifting the link I13 endwise, but the following known means are provided for automatically reversing-the direction of feed of the ribbon-upon exhaustion of the ribbon from either spool. Two automaticribbon reversing control levers 111 are associated with Each lever 111 has a pivotal connection 8 with framework 50, the axis of said pivot extending fore and aft of the machine. The upper end of each lever I'll extends up into the hollow core of the adjacent spool, which core is open at its lower end, and each lever has at its upper end a lateral projection l'i'9 which, when-the gap or aperture I68 in said core is opposite said projection and is uncovered by exhaustion of the ribbon from that spool, is movable out through said gap I68 to permit the lever ill to be swung by a spring I80 to engage -a nose 18! (formed on the lower end ofthe lever) with the-toothed periphery of the adjacent ratchet wheel N5. Each leve i1! has a spring l80 connected therewith and with framework 10. After the engagement of nose i8l with the associated ratchet wheel 165, a short angle of rotation of said wheel Will tilt the front section of the'associated shaft I62 upward to mesh the adjacent pair of driving gears I66 and 566 All of the foregoing described parts of the machine shown are known, and are shown and described as exemplifications of parts for use for like purposes in connection with the present invention. Said foregoing parts are constructed and arranged substantially as in the known L C Smith Series 1 Supe Speed typewriting machine, and also correspond generally with the disclosure of United States patents to CarlGabrielson, No. 929,933, issued August 3, 1909, and No. 958,388, issued May 1'7, 1910. It will be apparent hereinafter, however, to those skilled in the art that the construction of the improved machine, as so far described, may be widely varied.

The improved conioint action of a desired type carrier and of the ribbon I52 to form a properlv inked type impression is effected, in the preferred construction shown, by means which will now be described. A part of this means, in the pre ferred construction, consists of key controlled power means for selectively actuatin the type bars l3, which type bar actuating means is not claimed per se herein but forms the subject matter-of my copending application for United States patent filed November 26, 1942, Serial No. 466,989. As will be apparent hereinafter to those skilled in the art, this type bar actuating means may be varied from that shown and about to be described, for example, other means such as those disclosed in United States patents to Crawley Reissue No. 15,640, No. 1,455,112 or No. 1,503,033 might be employed.

In the improved machine shown, a universal type bar actuator 33 is provided in the rea part of the machine for actuating the type bars I 3. Actuator 33 has pendent side arms which are fixed to a horizontal rock shaft 34 which extends transversely of the machine and is journaled in framework 10. To impel the actuato forwardly to drive any selected type bar to print, there is connected to framework I and the actuator at least one constantly tensioned pull spring 36. After each spring impelled stroke thereof, said actuator is retracted instantly to a normal idle position (shown in Figures 1v and 2) by power from anelectric motor (notshown), which motor is mounted inframework l0 and runs constantly 'whilethe machine is in use. Through a suitable pulley and belt drive means, shown in part at 9a,

said motor constantly rotates while the machine is in use a power shaft 49. The. motorrotates shaft 49 counterclockwise, as the parts are viewed in Figures 1 and 2, and said shaft extends horizontally transversely of the machine and is journaled in framework 10.

A ratchet wheel 50 is fixed on the right hand end of shaft 49, and to the right of said ratchet wheel there is joumaled in framework 10 a short crank shaft SI for rotation about an axis coincident with the axis of shaft 49. A pitman 62 connects the wrist of crank shaft 5| with the crossbar of actuator 33 at 33c.

The crank shaft 51 is rotated through one complete revolution from the normal idle position thereof, shown in Figures 1 and 2, whenever one of the type keys H10 of the machine is depressed. The first half of each such revolution is imparted to the crank shaft by the forward or spring impelled stroke of the actuator 33 and, as the actuator completes its forward stroke, said crank shaft is clutched or connected to shaft 49 through the medium of ratchet wheel 50 and a pawl or dog 69 for rotation of the crank shaft through the remainder of its revolution back to normal position, and resultant retraction of the actuator to its normal position, by power from the shaft 49 against the resistance of the actuator impelling spring or springs 36.

The dog 69 is pivoted at 60 on a dog carrier 6|. The dog carrier 8| is fixed on the left hand end of crank shaft 5| to rotate opposite the right hand face of ratchet wheel 50 and the dog 59 is constantly biased by a torsion spring 62 for engagement of the nose of the dog with the teeth of ratchet wheel 50. A part of framework In is formed with an arcuate dog-controlling surface 63 which is curved downwardly behind and under the periphery of the ratchet wheel 50 concentrically with the coincident axes of shafts 49 and 51. This surface 63 extends about said axes for somewhat less than degrees and is so disposed that a tail portion of dog 59 is engaged with said surface at the upper end of the latter (as indicated more clearly in Figure 1) when crank shaft 51 and actuator 33 are in normal position. In the normal position of the crank shaft and actuator, the wrist of the crank shaft is to the rear of the axis of said shaft and slightly below dead center, and the outer end of the dog carrier 6| is seated upon and held arrested by a suitable spring-cushioned stop 64.

Stop 64 is pivoted at 640 on a fore and aft rockable arm 65 which is in turn pivoted at its lower end at 66 on framework l0. Stop lugs 64a and 65b limit rocking of lever 64 relatively to arm 65, and a stiff spring 61 normally holds the forward'end of lever 64 elevated to-the upper limit of its motion. Arm 65 is urged forward to its normal position by a return spring 11 connected to a release bar 68, and said arm is rockable rearward from normal position by the universal release bar 68 to release the dog carrier and thereby initiate a single revolution of the crank shaft 5|. The universal release bar 68 extends horizontally transversely of the machine and is rocked by spring H to a normal position intermediate the crossbar of actuator 33 and the reduced rear end portions or fingers 32 of a set of type action couplers 26, one of which couplers is shown in Figures 1, 9 and 10 of the drawings.

- This release bar is fixed to a rock shaft 00 which extends horizontally transversely of the machine at the rear of said bar and is iournaled in framework I0. A link 10 is pivoted at H to arm 85 and is pivoted at 95 to an arm 13 fixed on rock shaft 09. Spring return movement of the release bar and arm 65 to normal position by spring I1 is limited by a stop I2 held to the release bar 60 and to arm 13, which stop is normally pressed forward against a cushion stop 19 held to framework I0. Y

The release bar 00 is rockabie upward and rearward to free the crank shaft 5| and actuator 33 upon depression of any type key I00, and is restored automatically by spring 'I'I to normal position before the crank shaft SI and the dog carrier BI complete a single revolution whether or not the depressed key is released before said. revolution is completed. It will be noted that crank shaft 5| is spring rotated through the first half of each revolution and is rotated by the motor driven shaft 49 through the second half of each revolution, the force of the motor driving shaft 48 being superior to the spring power tending to advance the actuator 33.

There is one of the couplers or interponents 26 for each type bar, and there is also. a coupler lifter I I9 for each coupler 26, the several couplers or interponents being normally seated on a rest 28 held to framework I0. A return spring 21 is providedfor each type bar I3 and its coupler or interponent 26, each such spring being anchored to framework I0 and to a coupler 26.'

Each coupler lifter is connected with a different one of the keys I00 for actuation by depression of its connected key to raise the associated coupler to cause finger 32 of the coupler to rock the release bar upward and rearward and thereby both release shaft SI and interpose a shoulder 3i on the coupler for engagement by the front edge of the crossbar of the type bar actuator 32 to impel the selected type bar to printing position on the spring impelled stroke of the actuator, and also to permit the impelled type bar and its coupler to immediately resume normal idle position under the influence of the associated return spring 21 after completion of the printing stroke of the type bar. Each coupler or interponent 26 has a pivotal connection 25 with a different one of a set of sub-levers 22. Each sublever is pivoted on a pivot wire 23 in a segment .84 suitably fixed to framework I0, and each sublever is connected with a different type bar by one of' a set of pull links 20, each link having a pivotal connection I0 with its associated type'bar and a pivotal connection 2I with its associated sub-lever.

The key levers I 0| are fulcrumed on a. pivot wire I held to framework I0. Each lifter H0 for the couplers or'interponents 20 is connected with a different key lever and is guided in a suitable guide comb I22 on framework I0. The connection between each lifter and its associated key lever comprises a pivot I I8 and a spring I20 which connect the lifter to its associated one of a series of sub-levers I00. The sub-levers I08 are fulcrumed on a pivot wire I" carried by framework Il, each sub-lever being connected to its associated key lever by a diiferent one of a series of connecting links I II. For each key lever there is provided a return spring II2 connected with the framework I0 and the appropriate sub-lever I" to yieldingly hold the key lever against a return stop I II on framework I0. 4

The new parts of the improved machine, and the manner in which said new parts are combined with the above described parts to accomplish the several purposes of the present invention, will now be described.

The bichrome inking ribbon IE2 is fed and vibrated in the hereinafter described timed relation with the strokes of each actuated type bar .through the medium of a rock shaft 200 and of means hereinafter described for oscillating said shaft. The rock shaft 200 is journaled in framework I0 and extends horizontally across the machine behind the sub-levers 22 connected with the respective type bars II and under the ribbon guide vibrating lever I".

The rockable or oscillative shaft 200 is connected with the hereinbefore described known parts of the ribbon vibrating means by reason of the fact that in the present construction the link I01 is pivotally connected at its lower end to the rear end of a rock arm 20 I which arm is fixed to shaft 200 substantially medially of the sides of the machine and extends rearward from said shaft.

The shaft 200 is also connected with the hereinbefore described known parts of the ribbon feeding and feed reversing means, and this connection will next be described.

Fixed on the left hand end of the rotative shaft IE9 is a gear or pinion 202 in constant mesh with a larger gear or pinion 203. Gear 202 is jour naled on a suitable stationary stub shaft 204, which stub shaft extends horizontally parallel to shaft I58. Gear 203 is in constant mesh with a smaller gear or pinion 200. Gear 205 is fixed to and coaxial with a larger ratchet wheel 200, and said gear and ratchet wheel are loose on, or rotative about, a reduced end portion of rock shaft 200 adjacent the left hand end of said rock shaft. Gear 205 and ratchet wheel 200 are held against axial movement along shaft 200 by being confined between the framework I0 and a shoulder 20! provided on said shaft at the inner end of the reduced end portion of said shaft. The gear system just described provides a speed reducing drive from ratchet wheel 200 to shaft I00.

A driving pawl 200 is associated with the ratchet wheel 200 to rotate the wheel in a clockwise direction as said wheel is viewed in Figures 1 and 11 to feed the ribbon, and a back check pawl 209 is associated with the ratchet wheel to prevent reverse rotation of saidwheel. The back check pawl 20! is pivoted on the stub shaft or screw stud 204 and is pressed to the toothed periphery of the ratchet wheel 206 by a spring 2" engaged with the pawl and a screw 23'! to normally maintain the nose of the pawl yieldingly between two adjacent teeth of the wheel to prevent said reverse rotation of the wheel but permit driving of the wheel in ribbon feeding direction by driving pawl 200. The stub shaft 200 is fixed to a plate 220 which is loosely pivoted on rock shaft 200 for slight pivotal adjustment about said shaft. Plate 230 is held in adjusted position about shaft 200 by the clamping screw -cillation of said shaft.

aasmes carrier 212 ha a short arcuate slot 2|! therein for adjustable clamping of said arm to the lower end of a pendent rock arm 2" fixed on shaft 200 adjacent the left hand side of the machine. The pawl carrier is adjustably clamped to rock arm 2%, to rock with shaft 200, by means of a clamping screw 2w which extends through slot m in the pawl carrier and is threaded into arm 2. A spring 2l6, connected to the pawl 208 and the pawl carrier M2, normally presses the nose of the pawl yieldingly between two adjacent teeth of the ratchet wheel.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that shaft 200 is connected with the ribbon feeding and vibrating means to actuate said means through os- The means shown by which the shaft 200 is oscillated in a manner to accomplish the desired ends, will now be described.

Fixed to, and pendent from, the rock shaft 200 adjacent the right hand side of the machine is a rock arm 2Il having fixed thereto below said shaft a combined stop and spring anchor pin 2H8 which extends transversely of the machine. A light power spring 2W is anchored to said pin M8 and to the framework W to constantly tend to impel the rock arm 2!! forwardly to a limit determined by engagement of pin 2 with an adjustable stop 220-22011 on framework Ill. The adjustable stop has a fore and aft extending slot 225 therein through which extends a clamping screw 222 threaded into framework 10 to clamp the stop to the framework ID in fore and aft adjusted position. Said stop has two arms which slidably engage under a fore and aft extending horizontal edge portion of the framework l0, and the rearmost one of said arms has a pendent portion 220:; which the stop pin 218 is adapted to abut to limit forward rocking of arm 2 by the pull spring 2 l9.

Normally the arm 2H! is held rocked rearward a predetermined extent against the pull of the spring 2l9 from the limit of forward movement of said arm determined by engagement of pin 21d with the abutment portion 220a of stop 220. Retraction of arm 2!? to said normal position is efiected by power from the motor driven shaft 49, and the means whereby said arm is retracted to and releasably locked in normal position, and whereby said arm is unlocked for driving thereof by spring 2 i 9, will now be described.

To the lower end of rock arm 2ll there is pivoted the forward end of a link 223, and the rear end of this link is pivoted to the upper end of the upper section 22d of a two-part upstanding rock arm 22d225. The upstanding rock arm 22t-225 extends upward behind the right hand and of crank shaft El, and the lower section 225 of said rock arm is journaled at its lower end at 229 on the framework It! for rocking of said arm fore and aft of the machine transversely of the axis of crank shaft 5!. The two sections of arm 22t-225 are pivotally connected by a pivot 226 for pivotal adjustment therebetween about an axis parallel to the pivotal axis of the arm, and said sections are clamped together, to rock as a unit in their adjusted relation, by means of a clamping screw 221 which is threaded into section 225 and extends through a short slot 228 in section 224.

Fixed on the right hand end of crank shaft 5| is a cam 230 having a single high portion. In the normal latched position of the crank shaft 5|, the apex of the high portion of the cam 230 contacts the forward edge of the lower section 225 of rock arm 221-223 behind, and preferably also slightly below, the axis of rotation of the crank shaft and,,therefore, normally holds said rock arm 224-225 and rock arm 2!! retracted against the pull of power spring 2l8 into a predetermined normal retracted position of said arms.

By the construction described, the shaft 200 may be oscillated a fixed extent. Its normal position may be variably adjusted by relatively ad- Justing the two sections of arm 224-226 to correctly position the ribbon guide to locate the upper edge of the inking ribbon for desired uncoverage of the printing point of the machine. Its limit of movement from normal position and, consequently its extent of throw, may be variably adjusted by adJustment of stop 220-2201: to insure that only the desired zone of the ribbon will be contacted by the type. Neither of these ad- Justments affects the other, or affects the latched position of the type bar actuator and cam 230. The adjustment described above to determine the normal position of the feed pawl 208 without disturbing the normal position'of the rock shaft 200, permits such normal positioning of feed pawl 208 relatively to the teeth of the ratchet wheel 206 as to insure accuracy of extent of ribbon feed at the type strokes.

Referring especially to Figure 8, it will be noted that the periphery of cam 230 is so shaped that it is concentric with the axis of the cam and of the crank shaft 5| throughout substantially more than half way around the cam axis. The cam periphery has a single high portion the apex of which is normally located at position A of the wrist 5|a (Figure 8) of crank shaft 5|. The high portion of the cam drops abruptly from its apex to the long concentric low portion at the trailing edge of said high portion and drops very gradually to the low concentric portion at the leading edge of said high portion.

In the normal idle condition of the machine and normal latched position of crank shaft 5i and earn 230, the wrist 51a of crank shaft Si is at position A (Figure 8) and the cam is positioned as shown in full lines in Figure 8 with the apex of the high portion of the cam engaged with section 225 of arm 224-225 to hold said arm at its motor retracted limit of reciprocation against the pull of spring 2| 9. When any one of the type selecting keys is actuated, an inked impression of the selected type is effected and the parts re-assume normal position in the following described manner.

Depression of the selected key I00 rocks the coupler or interponent 26, associated therewith .and connected withthe selected type bar l3, up-

ward in front of the actuator 33 and thereby rocks the release bar 68 to unlock the crank shaft 5|, type bar actuator 33 and cam 230. The actuator 33 is then impelled forward by spring 36 to its forward limit of motion in doing which it rotates crank shaft 5| and cam 230 through substantially one-half of a revolution and impels the selected type bar toward the printing point of the machine.

On its forward spring impelled stroke, the acand the apex of the high portion of cam 230 to position B, and the spring- 2I9 has pulled arm 224-225 and arm 2|! to the position shown in full lines in Figure 9, in which position the stop pin 2I8 is engaged (or at least substantially eneased) with sto 220-22021. Section 225 of arm 224-225 therefore cannot at any time in the revolution of the cam advance into contact with the low portion of the cam periphery.

It will thus be seen that at position "B" of the cam spring 2I9 has caused a complete throw of arm 2II and rock shaft 200 in one direction from normal position and has thus completed the idle or non-working stroke of the ribbon feed actuating pawl 2 08 and also has completed the down stroke of the link I51 connected to the ribhon guide vibrating lever I58. Since, ordinarily, one r the other of the fulcrum pins I90 and BI is engaged with lever I55, it will also be seen that when the cam reaches position B, the lever I56 will have been rocked about the engaged fulcrum pin to raise the ribbon vibrator or guide I50 to the desired limit to cover the printing point with the desired zore of the bichrome inking ribbon I52. If the machine were, however, set for stencil cutting, the lever I56 would fulcrum in the known manner on the support I58 without moving the ribbon vibrator or guide I50. No further movement of the ribbon mechanism will take place until the actuated type bar has been substantially completely returned to its normal position against rest I8 by its return spring 21 and the actuator 33, crank shaft and cam 230 have been nearly restored to normal latched position.

At the end of the forward stroke of actuator 33, the type bar is still slightly short of impression forming position and moves to said position by its acquired momentum (see dotted positions of the type bar head in Figure after which it and its coupler, and the connecting parts therebetween, are quickly restored to normal position by spring 21 connected with the bar coupler.

Immediately upon reaching the end of its forward stroke, the type bar actuator is retracted and latched by the motor controlled mechanism which coincidentally completes the revolution of cam 230 and the latching thereof in norm l p i The actuator reaches the limit of its forward spring-impelled stroke when the wrist 5Ia and the apex of the high portion of cam 230 are rotated to position C (Figure 8), and the periphery of said cam is out of contact with arm 224-225 while the wrist 5Ia and apex of the high portion of the cam rotate from position B to position D (Figure 8). In rotating from position D to position A, the gradually rising leading edge of the high portion of cam 230 engages the arm 224-425 substantially without shock and quickly retracts said arm to its normal latched position against the pull of spring 2I9 and thus lowers the ribbon guide I50 to normal position and moves the ribbon feed pawl 200 through the working stroke of said pawl to feed the ribbon. In Figure 10, the moving type bar I3 is shown in full lines on its return stroke about half way back to the rest I0, with wrist Sid and cam 230 at position D (Figure 8) and the type bar actuator partly retracted, and the cam and type bar actuator are shown in dotted lines with the cam' at position 0 (Figure 8) and the actuator at the limit of its type bar impeiling stroke. Y

It will be noted that there is no possibility of the actuated type bar reaching impressing position before the ribbon covers the printing point, that there is no possibility of the ribbon being moved either up or down or lengthwise at the printing point while the types on a type bar are at or near the printing'point, that a substantially shockless and quiet action of the ribbon feed and vibrating devices is provided, that the parts may be independently adjusted for timing to prevent undesirable action, and also that the ribbon actuating means may be adjusted through a substantial range to insure correct action of the feed and vibrating means particularly in view of the difference in the major and minor radial dimensions of the cam 230 and the fact that the contour of the cam 230 does not determine the extent of oscillation of shaft 200.

It will also be noted that the parts actuated to form an inked type impression are so motivated by power of springs and of the electric motor as to insure proper timed action of the parts with a good distribution of the several necessary power efforts which greatly reduces shock, vibration and noise incident to operation of the machine.

It will also be noted that the ribbon vibrating means is so constructed and operated that it can be adjusted to permit the use of a bichroine ribbon without danger of any actuated type producing a multi-color print, that the feed and vibrating means can be independently adjusted so as to insure precise action of both means, and that the conditioning of either the ribbon mechanism or the type bar actuating mechanism for proper action does not disturb the proper conditioning of the other one of said mechanisms. Precisely timed action of all parts in forming a perfect inked impression is thus insured.

I claim:

1. In a power typewritin machine of the kind 40 in which type bars are selectively actuative by a type bar actuator which is released for a single power reciprocation thereof from and to a normal stationary position upon selection of a type bar for actuation, and in which the type impressions are inked by a ribbon operated by a ribbon mechanism which is responsive to reciprocation of the actuator, the combination with said type bar actuator and said ribbon operating mechanism of power actuating means for said ribbon operating mechanism controlled by reciprocation of said type bar actuator to motivate said ribbon operating mechanism during only an initial portion of each stroke of the type bar actuator from its normal position and only a final portion of each return stroke of the type bar actuator to its normal position.

2. In a power typewriting machine of the kind in which type bars are selectively actuative by a type bar actuator which is released for a single power reciprocation thereof from and to 9. normal stationary position upon selection of a type bar for actuation, and in which the type impressions are inked by a ribbon operated by a ribbon mechanism which is responsive to reciprocation of the actuator, the combination with said type bar actuator and said ribbon operating mechanism of a cam rotative through a single revolution upon each cycle of reciprocation of the type bar actuator, an oppositely movable element positively connected with the ribbon operating mechanism to motivate said mechanism upon movement of said element in each direction, spring means for moving said element in one direction, and stop means for arresting spring movement of-said element before the type bar acasemss tuator completes its stroke from normal position, said cam being engageable with said element only while the type bar actuator is in and adjacent normal position and being operative on said element to retract it a predetermined extent from its position of arrest by said stop mean during the final portion of each revolution of the cam and to hold said element so retracted while the cam and actuator are stationary.

3. In a power typewriting machine of the kind in which type bars are selectively actuative by a type bar actuator which is released for a single power reciprocation thereof from and to a normal stationary position upon selectionof a type bar for actuation, and in which the type impressions are inked by a ribbon mechanism which is responsive to reciprocation of the type bar actuator, the combination with said type bar actuator and said ribbon operating mechanism of an oppositely movable element positively connected with said mechanism to motivate the latter, spring means constantly connected with said element to move the element in one direction, means 1 to arrest spring movement of said element before the type bar actuator completes its stroke from normal position, and a normally stationary cam which is normally engaged with said element to hold the latter retracted for a predetermined movement thereof by said spring means and which is positively connected with the type bar actuator for movement of said cam concomitantly with the actuator to eifect disengagement of said cam from said element by initial movement of the type bar actuator from normal position and to eilect camming re-engagement of said cam with said element to retract said element against.

rection to a predetermined limit, and power.

means for releasing said element for biased movement to said limit upon initiation of each typin action of the machine and for thereafter retracting said element to its normal position after a predetermined dwell at said limit and holding said element so retracted until initiation of the next succeeding typing action of the machine.

5. In a typewriting machine of the visible typing class having cyclically operable power typing means for effecting one type impression at a time, the combination with said power means of a ribbon actuator oppositely movable from and to a normal idle position, stop means for limiting movement of said ribbon actuator from its normal idle position, means biasing said ribbon actuator to move trom idle position to the limit determined by'said stop means, means controlled by each cycle of operation of said power means to first place said ribbon actuator solely under control of said biasing means and stop means throughout a major portion of said cycle and to thereafter retract said actuator to normal position against the power of said biasing means during only a final minor portion of said cycle and hold the actuator so retracted until initiation of the next succeeding cycle of operation of said power means, and means connected with said ribbon actuator for operation thereby to vibrate a type impression inking ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point of the machine and to feed the ribbon relatively to the printing point.

6. In a visible typing typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon actuator oppositely movable i'rom and to a normal idle position, stop means for limiting the throw 01' said actuator from idle position, means connected with said ribbon actuator to cause an inking ribbon to be shifted edgewise to cover the printing point of the machine upon movement of said ribbon actuator to the limit determined by said stop means and to cause the ribbon to both uncover the printing point and be fed longitudinally upon movement of said actuator to its normal idle po-. sition, spring means biasing the ribbon actuator to move from normal position to said limit, type carriers oppositely movable to and from type impressing position, and means for actuating the type carriers selectively to print and for first placing said ribbon actuator under control of said spring means and stop means substantially throughout the printing stroke and at least the initial part of the return stroke of each actuated .type carrier and thereafter retracting said ribbon actuator to normal position against the force of said spring means and holding it in normal position until another type carrier is actuated.

7. In a visible typing typewriting machine, power actuated means for forming inked type impressions comprising a ribbon actuator oppositely movable from and to a normal idle position, means connected with said ribbon actuator for movement thereby to vibrate and feed a type impression inking ribbon relatively to the printing point of the machine, spring means biasing said ribbon actuator to move from normai position, type carriers, key-controlled power means for ac- 40 tuating the type carriers selectively to print,

means actuative by said key-controlled power means first to free said ribbon actuator to the influence of said spring means upon initiation of each type carrier actuating operation of said keycontrolled power means and thereafter to retract said ribbon actuator against the power of said spring means substantially at the conclusion of each such operation and hold it so retracted until the next succeeding operation of the key-controlled power means, and means for arresting movement of said ribbon actuator by said spring means before the actuated type carrier reaches printing position.

8. In a visible typing typewriting machine, power actuated means for forming inked type impressions comprising, in combination, a ribbon actuator oppositely movable from and to a normal retracted position and constantly biased to move from retracted position, means operable by said ribbon actuator to move a type impression inking ribbon edgewise to cover the printing point of the machine upon biased movement of said actuator from retracted position and to uncover said printing point upon movement of said actuator to retracted position, means operable by said actuator to feed said ribbon longitudinally thereof relatively to said printing point, type carriers, cyclically operable power means for actuating the type carriers selectively to print at said printing point, means actuative by said power means during each cycle of operation of the power means to first free said ribbon actuator for biased movement upon initiation of each type carrier actuating operation of said power means and to thereafter retract said ribbon actuator to normal 8 2,sa7,7ss

sitely movable from and to normal retracted positionto print at a printing point of the machine and each-constantly biased to move to retracted position, a type carrier actuator, a ribbon actuator, each of said actuators being oppositely movable from and to a normal retracted position thereof and said actuators being separately biased to move from retracted position, means operable by the ribbon actuator to move an inking ribbon edgewise to cover and uncover the printing point respectively upon the 'biased and retractive strokes of said ribbon actuator and to feed said ribbon longitudinally thereof relatively to said point on the retractive strokes of said ribbon actuator, a retracting means for both of said actuators which normally releasably holds said actuators retracted for'simultaneous release and is also positively connected only with the type carrier actuating one of said actuators to limit biased movement of the latter, means to arrest biased movement of the ribbon actuator before the type carrier actuator completes its limited biased movement, type carrier selecting means for rendering any selected type carrier operable from normal position by the type carrier actuator on the biased stroke of the latter, releasing means for said retracting means operable by said selecting means, a motor driven shaft which rotates constantly while the machine is in use, and means for automatically coupling said retracting means to said shaft as the type carrier actuator completes its limited biased movement to effect retraction of both actuators and for automatically uncoupling said retracting means from the shaft when said actuators are retracted to normal position.

10. In a typewriting machine, power means for forming inked type impressions with the aid of an impression inking ribbon comprising, in combination, type carriers oppositely movable from and to a retracted position to and from the printing point of the machine and each constantly retractively biased, a type carrier actuator, a ribbon actuator for operating the inking ribbon, each of said actuators being oppositely movable from and to a normal retracted position thereof and said actuators being separately biased to move from retracted position, a retracting means for said actuators positively connected only with the type carrier actuator to limit biased movement of the type carrier actuator and normally releasably holding both actuators retracted for simultaneous release of said actuators for biased movement upon release of said retracting means, type carrier selecting means for rendering any selected type carrier operable by the type carrier actuator to print upon biased movement of the type carrier actuator, releasing means for said retracting means operable by said selecting means, adjustable stop means effective only on the ribbon actuator to regulate the period of hiased movement of the ribbon actuator relatively to that of the type carrier actuator, a motor driven shaft which rotates constantly while the coupling said retracting means to said shaft as each biased stroke of the type carrier actuator is completed to effect retraction of the actuators and for automatically uncoupling the retracting means from the shaft when said actuators are retracted to normal position.

11. In a typewriting machine of the kind wherein a pawl is vibrated to rotate a ratchet wheel step by step to drive one or the other of two ribbon winding spools to which a type impression inking ribbon is attached, and wherein provision is made to automatically drivingly connect the ratchet wheel to one spool upon substantial exhaustion therefrom of the ribbon and to concomitantly disconnect the other spool from the ratchet wheel to thereby reverse the direction of travel of the ribbon between the spools, the combination with said pawl and ratchet wheel of a ribbon actuator which is oppositely movable from and to a normal idle position and is also both biased to move from normal position and connected with said pawl to so vibrate the pawl that the pawl drives the ratchet wheel during movement of the actuator to normal position, stop means for arresting biased movement of the actuator, type keys, and power actuated means normally releasably held against movement and releasable by depression of any one of the type keys to mov e to first disengage said means from said ribbon actuator to free said actuator for full biased movement thereof independently of said means and to thereafter re-engage said means with said actuator to retract the actuator to and hold it in its normal position.

12. In a typewriting machine of the kind where- D in a pawl is vibrated to rotate a ratchet wheel step by step to drive one or the other of two ribbon winding spools to which a type impression inking ribbon is attached, and wherein provision is made to automatically drivingly connect the ratchet wheel to one spool upon substantial exhaustion of the ribbon therefrom and to concomitantly disconnect the other spool from the ratchet wheel to thereby reverse the direction of travel of the ribbon between the spools, the combination with said pawl and ratchet wheel of a ribbon actuator which is oppositely movable from and to a normal idle position and is also both biased to move from normal position and connected with said pawl to so vibrate the pawl that the pawl drives the ratchet wheel during movement of the actuator to normal position, a rotative cam for retracting said actuator and which is normally engaged with the actuator to hold the actuator retracted to its normal position, type keys, power means for rotating said cam through a single revolution only upon actuation of either one of said keys and for then holding said cam stationary, and means independent of said cam for controlling the extent of biased movement of actuator from its normal position.

13. In a visible typing typewriting machine, the combination of type keys, type bars, a ribbon actuatorconversely movable to shift the same from and back to a normal idle position, means constantly biasing the ribbon actuator to move from idle position, ribbon feeding and vibrating devices operable by the ribbon actuator, a rotative cam for retracting the ribbon actuator to normal position and which is normally engaged with the ribbon actuator to hold said actuator retracted in its normal position, power means for rotating said cam through only a single revolution upon actuation of either of said type keys machine is in use, and means for automatically and for actuating a different one of said type bars ta print for each key actuated, and means independent 01 said cam for controlling the extent oi biased movement of the ribbon actuator from its normal position and arranged to arrest such biased movement before the actuated type bar reaches printing position.

14. In a visible typing typewriting machine having type bars, a type impression inking ribbon and a ribbon vibrator for vibrating said ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point of the machine respectively on the printing and return strokes of the type bars of the machine, the combination with the type bars and ribbon vibrator of an actuator which is conversely movable from and to a normal idle position and is also both biased tomove from normal position and connected with said vibrator to vibrate the latter by movement of the actuator from and to the idle position of said'actuator, stop means for arresting biased movement or the actuator from normal position, type keys for eflecting selective operation of the type bars of the machine, and power means normally releasably held against movement and releasable by actuation of any one of said type keys to move to first disengage from said actuator until a full biased movement of the actuator is completed and to thereafter reengage said actuator and. retract it to and hold it in its normal position. I

15. In a visible typing typewriting machin having an inking ribbon and a ribbon vibrator for vibrating the ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point respectively on the printing and return strokes of the type carriers of the machine, the combination with the ribbon and its vibrator, of an actuator for the vibrator which is conversely movable from and to a normal idle position and is also both biased to move from normal position and connected with said vibrator to vibrate the latter by movement of the actuator from and to idle position, stop means for arresting biased movement of the actuator from normal position, type'keys, power means normally releasably held against movement and releasable by actuation of any one of said type keys to move to first disengage from said actuator until a full biased movement of the actuator is completed and to thereafter re-engage said actuator and retract it to and hold it in its normal position, and type carriers individually selective by said keys for power actuation and each controlled by said power means, upon actuation of its selecting key, to print through the ribbon during the interim between the full biased movement of the actuator and the ire-engagement of the power means with said actuator.

16. In a visible typi g typewriting machine in which the type print through an inking ribbon, the combination of a ribbon vibrator for said ribbon conversely movable from and to a normal idle position to shift the ribbon edgewise to cause the ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point of the machine, a rotative but normally stationary cam for retracting said vibrator to normal position and normally holding the vibrator so retracted while the cam is stationary, means constantly biasing the vibrator to move from normal position to a position in which it shifts the ribbon to printing point covering position, type keys, type carriers each selective by a difierent one of said keys for printing actuation, cyclic power means controlled by actuation of any one of said keys for efiecting printing and return actuation oi the type carrier selected by the actuated key and for eflecting a single revolution only 01 said cam from the normal stationary position or the cam, and means independent of said power means to arrest biased movement or the vibrator before the selected type carrier reaches printing position, said cam being ineffective on the vibrator during a part 01 each revolution of the cam while the vibrator is restrained by its said arresting means.

17. In a visible typing typewriting machine in which the type print through an inking ribbon, the combination of a vibrator for the inking ribbon, an actuator connected with said vibrator and conversely movable from and to a normal idle position to shift the vibrator to cause the inking ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point of the machine, type carriers, an actuator for said type carriers conversely movable from and to a normal idle position, cyclic power means for releasing said actuators for biased movement of the actuators and for retracting said actuators to and normally holding them in normal idle position, means biasing the ribbon vibrator actuator to move the ribbon vibrator to position the inking ribbon in printing point covering position, means biasing the type carrier actuator to move to impel a type carrier to printing position, type carrier selecting means for conditioning a selected type carrier for actuation and for effect ing a cycle oi operation of said power means, and means whereby the ribbon actuator is held stationary during the final part of each biased movement of the type carrier actuator,

18. In a visible typing typewriting machine having an inking ribbon and type carriers which are selectively movable to and from the printing wint of the machine to print through said rlbbon, the combination with said ribbon and type carriers of a ribbon vibrator which is conversely movable from and to a normal idle position to cause the ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point, a type carrier actuator which is conversely movable from and to a normal idle position, type keys for selecting any desired type carrier for actuation by said actuator, spring means for moving said vibrator in one direction to cause the ribbon to cover the printing point, spring means to move said actuator in one direction to impel a selected type carrier to the Printing point, cyclic power means controlled by actuation of any one of said keys for releasing said vibrator and actuator substantially simultaneously and for thereafter automatically retracting the vibrator and actuator and holding them retracted, said power means being arranged to permit arrest of spring movement of said vibrator prior to arrest of spring movement of said actuator and to start retraction of said actuator prior to the start of retraction of said vibrator, and means for arresting spring movement or the vibrator prior to arrest of spring movement of the actuator. I

19. In a visible typing typewriting machine having an inking ribbon and type carriers which are selectively movable to' and from the printing point of the machine to print through said ribbon, the combination with said ribbon and type carriers of a ribbon vibrator which is conversely movable from and to a normal idle position to cause the ribbon to cover and uncover the printing point, a type carrier actuator which is conversely movable from and to a normal idle position, type keys for selecting any desired type carrier for actuation by said actuator, spring means for moving said vibrator in one direction to cause the ribbon to cover the printing point, spring means to move said actuator in one direction to impel a selected type carrier to the printing point, and cyclic power means controlled by actuation of any one or said keys to release said vibrator and actuator for movement by their respective spring means and to thereafter automatically retract the vibrator and actuator and hold them retracted, said power means being arranged to permit the vibrator to complete its movement by its said spring means to printing point covering position prior to completion oi movement of a type carrier to printing position by the type carrier actuator.

20. A power actuated typewriting machine having, in combination, ribbon motivating mechanism having a biased movement from and a return movement to a normal quiescent position to motivate an inked ribbon to coact with a motivated type to form an inked type impression, ,means' to arrest biased movement of the ribbon ,motivating mechanism, a cam normally engaged with said mechanism to hold the latter in normal from and back to a normal quiescent position. duringwhich movement said cam first disengages from said mechanism to permit the latter to make a full biased movement and thereafter re-engages said mechanism and moves it in opposition to its bias to normal position, power driven means cyclically operable to drive said cam from and to its normal position by each cycle oi operation of said power driven means, type carriers movable to and from type impressing position, individual driving means for the type carriers normally out or the ileld of action or said power driven means and each settable for driving thereof by said power driven means to place its associated type carrier in type impressing position during the interim in which said ribbon mechanism is at the limit of its biased movement and said cam is disengaged from said mechanism, and devices each operable to set a dlflei'ent one of said individual driving means-tor the type carriers and to concomitantly initiate a cycle of oporation of said power driven means.

CHARLES WALKER. 

